初一英語上冊課本內(nèi)容知識點

初中英語的學(xué)習(xí)主要以課本為媒介進(jìn)行，考試檢測的內(nèi)容也主要來源于課本。那么，課本中有些內(nèi)容值得我們?nèi)W(xué)習(xí)了解?以下是初一英語上冊課本內(nèi)容知識點整理，供大家學(xué)習(xí)參考。

1、Unit 1 --Unit 2

(資料圖)

(1)問候語：

Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.

How are you?---Just OK, thank you. How are you?---Not bad, thanks.

Hi! Hello!

How do you do?

(2)道別用語：

Nice/ Glad to meet/ see you.(meet用于初次見面，see用于熟人間)

Nice to meet/ see you, too.

Goodbye. Byebye. Bye. See you (later/ tomorrow/ next time)! So long! Good night!

(3)介紹人或者物的句型：This is...

(4)Excuse me.與I"m sorry.的區(qū)別：

Excuse me.是要引起對方的注意，而I"m sorry.則是向?qū)Ψ降狼浮?/p>

(5)詞組be from = come from

(6)當(dāng)問句中問到this/ that時，回答要用it;問到these/ those時，要用they來回答。 例如： What"s this in English?----It"s an eraser.

What are those?----They are books.

(7)對Thanks.的回答：That"s OK./ You"re welcome./ My pleasur.

(8)look the same = have the same looks

give sth. to sb. = give sb. sth.

be like = look like

in the tree/ on the tree (樹上結(jié)的、長出來的用on，否則用in)

in red(穿著紅色的衣服)

in the desk(在空間范圍之內(nèi))

in English(用英語)

help sb. do sth.

(9)both與all的區(qū)別：

both表示"兩者都......";all表示"三者及以上都......"。

2、Unit 3--Unit 4

(1)speak的用法

speak與say不同：speak表示"說"的動作，不表示"說"的.內(nèi)容;say則表示"說"的內(nèi)容。

speak后面除了能接"語言"外，不能直接接?xùn)|西，后面加了to則表示"對......說"。

help sb. with sth.(幫助某人做/補習(xí))

want to do sth.(想要做某事)

would like to do sth.

not...at all(一點都不);Not at all.(沒關(guān)系/別介意)

like...a lot = like...very much

(2)some和any的區(qū)別：

口訣：some用于肯定句，否定、疑問變any。例如：

I have some money.

I don"t have any money.

Do you have any money?

(3)have a seat = take a seat(請隨便坐)

(4)祈使句(表示命令或請求的句子)

祈使句一般都省略了主語You，所以其否定句直接用Don"t開頭。例如：

Don"t go there!

(5)問職業(yè)：

What does sb. do?

What is sb.?

What"s sb."s job?

(6)work與job的區(qū)別：

work是未必有報酬的"工作"，例如homework, housework;而job則一定是有報酬的"工作"。

(7)on指在物體的表面，不論這個面是否水平的，例如：

on the desk/ wall/ farm/ playground

(8)in hospital(住院);in the hospital(在醫(yī)院里)

look after(照料/照顧/照看)

help oneself(請自便/隨便吃)

(9)表示"建議"的句型："做某事如何?"

What about (doing) sth.? (英式英語)

How about (doing) sth.? (美式英語)

Why don"t you do sth.? = Why not do sth.?

(10)"吃"一日三餐要用have：have breakfast/ lunch/ supper

have...for breakfast/ lunch/ supper

take one"s order

be kind to sb.

(11)try on這個詞組可合可分：名詞可以放在這個詞組的中間或后面，但代詞只能放在詞組的中間。

(12)在口語中往往用take表示"買"。

(13)how many與how much的區(qū)別：

how many + 可數(shù)名詞;how much + 不可數(shù)名詞

(14)What do you think of...? 是詢問對方對某事物的看法;

How do you like...? 是問對方對某事物喜歡的程度。

think about(考慮)

Thank you all the same. (即使對方?jīng)]能幫上忙，也要禮貌道謝)

Thanks. = Thank you.(thank作為動詞，不能單獨使用。)

(15)one與it的區(qū)別：

當(dāng)上下文說的是同一種類事物時，任意一個可以用one來代替;如果上下文所說的是同一個事物時則用it。例如：

Ann ：I have a yellow bag.

Jane ：I have a green one.

Tom ： Hey, Mike. Where is your bike?

Mike ： Look, it"s over there.

(16)倒裝句

Here you are.

Here it is.

(17)be free (有空/免費)

forget to do sth.(忘了去做某事)

forget doing sth.(忘了做過某事)

What"s up? = What"s wrong with...? = What"s the matter with...?

(18)go + v.-ing結(jié)構(gòu)的含義：為了實現(xiàn)某目的才去的。例如：

go fishing/ boating/ swimming/ shopping等

(19)have to do sth.(非主觀因素，強調(diào)客觀因素，"不得不去做某事")

must 則表示主觀愿望

(20)fly a kite = fly kites

be free = have time

(21)句型"該干某事了。"：It"s time to do sth. = It"s time for sth.

例如：該吃午飯了.

It"s time to have lunch. = It"s time for lunch.

(22)時間的表述

當(dāng)分針?biāo)傅臅r間大于0分、小于等于30分鐘時，用"分鐘"past"小時"。例如：

8：23--twenty-three past eight

當(dāng)分針?biāo)傅臅r間大于30分鐘、小于60分鐘時，用"剩余的時間"to"下一個整點"。例如：

8：49--eleven to nine

當(dāng)然，還可以直接按照小時、分鐘去讀出時間，例如：

8：23--eight twenty-three; 8:49--eight forty-nine

整點則在數(shù)詞后加"-o"clock"，例如：8：00--eight o"clock

在鐘點前介詞要用at。

初一英語上冊動詞知識點

1、動詞的種類(四類)

系動詞如be(is am are);情態(tài)動詞如can 、may、need;助動詞( do does);行為動詞如take 、bring、eat、have(has)、like、sell、buy、sale、play、see、find、go、watch、thank、think等

2、動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)(與名詞的復(fù)數(shù)一樣)

如eat(eats) take (takes) buy (buys) play (plays) have(has) are (is)

3、動詞的時態(tài)(一般現(xiàn)在時)

( 1)含有系動詞的

I’m a Chinese boy.

She is twelve.

He is Tim’s brother.

Her mother is an English teacher.

含有系動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時只將“主語和系動詞交換位置”，上面句子變成一般疑問句時分別為

Are you a Chinese boy ?(注意第一人稱通常變?yōu)榈诙朔Q)

Is she twelve ?

Is he Tim’s brother ?

Is her mother an English teacher ?

含有系動詞的句子在變否定句時只須“在系動詞的后邊加上not”，前面的幾個了陳述句變否定句分別為

I’m not a Chinese boy.

She isn’t twelve.

He is not Tim’s btother.

Her mother isn’t an English teacher.

(2)含有情態(tài)動詞的句子( can ),

She can play basketball.

His mother’s cousin can sing many English songs.

含有情態(tài)動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時只須將“主語和情態(tài)動詞交換位置”，上面兩句變一般疑問句分別為

Can she play basketball ?

Can his mother’s cousin sing many English songs ?

含有情態(tài)動詞的句子在變否定句時直接在情態(tài)動詞的后邊加上not ,上面兩個陳述句變否定句分別為

She can not play basketball.

His mother’s cousin can not sing many English songs.

(3)含有行為動詞的句子

We have many friends.

They watch TV at 7 in the evening.

The students take their books to school.

I have lunch at school.

You have a sister.

1含有行為動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時要在原句子的前面加do.上面的句子變成一般疑問句分別為

Do you have many friends ?

Do they watch TV at 7 in the evening ?

Do the students take their books to school ?

Do you have lunch at school ?

Do you have a sister ?

2含有行為動詞的句子在變否定句時只須在行為動詞前加don’t.上述五個陳述句變否定句分別為

We don’t have many friends.

They don’t watch TV at 7 in the evening.

The students don’t take their books to school.

I don’t have lunch at school.

You don’t have a sister.

3含有行為動詞的句子，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，行為動詞要加s (或es)如：

She has a red pen.

He has eggs for breakfast.

Her mother buys a skirt for her.

She likes thrillers.

My brother watches TV every evening.

He wants to go to a movie.

含有行為動詞的句子，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，變一般疑問句要“在原句子的前面加上does ,同時行為動詞要還原”。上面的句子變成一般疑問句分別為：

Does she have a red pen ?

Does he have eggs for breakfast ?

Does her mother buy a skirt for her ?

Does she like thrillers ?

Does your brother watch TV every evening ?

Does he want to go to a movie ?

含有行為動詞的句子，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，變否定句時“在行為動詞前面加does’nt ,同時原行為動詞要還原”。上面的句子變否定句分別為：

She doesn’t have a red pen.

He doesn’t have eggs for breakfast.

Her mother doesn’t buy a skirt for her.

She doesn’t like thrillers.

My brother doesn’t watch TV every evening.

He doesn’t want to go to a movie.